Friday, August 21, 2026

Smithsonian National Zoo: Aviary, part 3 of 3 - South American Coffee Plantation

 The heart of the new Bird House at the Smithsonian National Zoo is an open space full of tropical flora designed to mimic the environment on the South American end of New World Bird migration.  The former Bird House also featured a central aviary and some of the elements from the previous space remain.  But the variety and sheer joy you can experience in the midst of so many beautiful and lively creatures is hard to fully describe.  So like the previous post, I'll let the pictures tell the story, with this caveat.  I will do my best to identify the species; however, there was a whole lot of molting going on, so it was not always obvious.



Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Pheucticus ludovicianus


Band-tailed Pigeon
Patagioenas fasciata

Blue Grosbeak (female)


Tennessee Warbler
Leiothlypis peregrina


Black-bellied Whistling Duck
Dendrocygna autumn


Turquoise Tanager
Tangara mexicana

Blue Grossbeak
Passerina caerulea


A parting view of a male Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum).

Smithsonian National Zoo: Aviary, part 2 of 3 - Wetlands

 The next room features both ducks and songbirds that might be found in both coastal and interior wetlands.  This would be my third visit since the new Bird House opened, and I must say there were more species this time than I've seen before.  Again, the birds are completely free to fly anywhere within the space that includes two different water features, both with shorelines and plenty of live native vegetation.

A peninsula with a water feature is the main habitat.

An adjacent area under a skylight is a favorite of various songbirds.


A pair of Ruddy Ducks, Oxyura jamaicensis

Woodthrush
Hylocichla mustelina

Carolina Wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus

Red-winged Blackbird
Agelaius phoeniceus

Red-winged Blackbird (female)

A range of Ducks: Canvasback (Aythya valisineria), Northern Pintail, (Anas acuta), Redhead, (Aythya americana), Gadwall (Mareca strepera)

Thursday, August 20, 2026

Smithsonian National Zoo: Aviary, part 1 of 3 - The Coastal Shores

 Anyone who keeps up with my Zoo posts knows that I have two particular structural loves at the zoos and aquariums.  First, Herpetariums, a.k.a. Reptile and/or Amphibian Houses.  And Second, Aviaries!  

Sometimes the quality of one or both of these can determine my impression of the entire facility.  

I love them because they are animal experience dense.  And when done well, both the visitor and the residents have wonderful experiences.  Of Course, a shitty version of either is pure hell.  Animals kept in cages... unacceptable.  Birds arrived at the National Zoo as early as 1900.  They were displayed in dispersed cages at first, and then those were clustered into a bird focused area.

The 1928 entrance is preserved in the lobby.

The Bird House, as the National Zoo in Washington, DC calls it, was first opened in 1928.  It was the height of the money rich, "roaring" 1920's!  The design and details were magnificent, and the birds were kept in spaces that allowed for maximum movement at the time.  Over the years up-grades happened and when I first visited it in the late 1990's, it was a passable, if dated Aviary.

What I couldn't see was how the bones were wearing thin.  The infrastructure was in need of a major upgrade, and in for a penny, in for a pound seemed a reasonable approach, versus the all too familiar "band Aide" option.  So in 2017, the Bird House closed.  

The new design was intended to occupy the original foot print, incorporate as much of the original, architecturally brilliant and historically significant building as possible, while also making across the board state-of-the-art upgrades based on a Gold Standard LEED rating.  Price tag?  $69,000,000.00!  The most expensive and ambitious project ever undertaken at the zoo.  Though I grant that factoring in inflation, this is an arguable statement.  

Enter the fuck-fest that was the Covid pandemic, and timelines are screwed.  But even this came to it's fruition in 2023.  The new design, full of features that create a sense of flight, is dedicated to the migration of birds across the Western Hemisphere. 

It is divided into three interactive, multi-species regional habitats.

1) The Delaware Shore: With a winding path through a room with large coastal shoreline water features that mimic tidal movements.  Natural plantings, multiple species of fish as well as both shore birds and coastal song birds.  

2) Prairie "Pot Holes": features a look at interior wetlands, but the bulk of the birds presented are more likely to be found in near Atlantic Ocean marshes of the eastern Piedmont (the Carolina's, Virginia, Maryland and Delaware).

3) The South American Nexus of annual migration, the Brazilian highland Coffee Plantation.  This fills the historic heart of the original Bird House, and focuses on species of song birds with long-range migration routes.

It is so easy to completely lose one's self in the magic of these environments, that I have to divide this record of my visit into three parts.  So we commence our visit with the Delaware Shore!  

The design guides visitors on a migration of their own starting with a turn to the right.  Wall text throughout is in both English and Spanish.  Que Perfecto, no?

This leads to a room with huge portraits of birds.  The perfect place to assemble a group of school children prior to entering the interactive bird spaces.

WELCOME TO THE DELAWARE SHORE
The right side habitat.  A similar configuration is on the left and birds are free to choose where to spend their time.  Natural like supports a natural cycle of day and night.  All the vegetation is living, and again, the aquatic features are home to various fish and have a built in tidal motion mechanism so that you can watch as the sea grasses ebb and flow--but wait, there's more.  The strength of those currents also varies to better mimic the actual tidal forces.  It's honestly like nothing else I have ever seen anywhere.

Black-necked Stilt


Ruddy Turnstone


Sanderling

Sanderling pic photo-bombed by a Semipalmated Plover! (far right)

Americans Golden Plover


The close-ups don't fully depict the absolute flocks of shore birds that inhabit the space.  The are, like their Songbird companions, oblivious to the humans passing through which gives visitors who who care to linger amazing opportunities to view their natural world in an exceptionally well designed facsimile.

Blue Bunting

The Blue Bunting Preens in the company of a Yellow-rumped Warbler

Black-capped Chickadee

Wednesday, August 19, 2026

Smithsonian National Zoo: Asian Small Clawed Otters

 A little interlude on a hot midday/early afternoon visit to the National Zoo.  The upper quarter of the zoo is dedicated to Asian Species.  The Iconic and much lauded, Giant Panda, it's little non-cousin, the Red Panda, Clouded Leopards, Fishing Cats, Asian Small Clawed Otters and Sloth Bears all live there, but on this particular day only one was out and about.  I give you the Asian Small Clawed Otters!  


Tuesday, August 18, 2026

Smithsonian National Zoo: Asian Elephants

 As with all modern zoos, to house Elephants has got to be a #1 priority.  Elephant habitats at accredited zoos probably have more requirements than any other mammal.  Where Elephants were once a mainstay of any zoo, today they are increasingly rare, and generally when you do encounter them, they live in august, multi-range spaces with state of the art healthcare and enrichment possibilities.  They also live in communities, ideally with multi-generational members.  

The National Zoo has been home to Asian Elephants since it first opened in 1889.  Over the years members have joined the herd as national gifts.  In 1961 India presented an Elephant to President Kennedy, and in 1976, Jimmy Carter received an Elephant from Sri Lanka. 

In the early 2000's the zoo began the process of overhauling its Elephant Hall into a state of the art LEED facility with all the necessary components to care for newborns.  The main building re-opened to the public in 2006, and the upgraded and completed exterior yards were finished by 2013.  At the time the zoo was home to 5 elderly females and the younger daughter of one.  Three of the old girls had spent time together at the same elephant orphanage on Sri Lanka before spending their younger years on various other adventures.  In 2018, Spike was transferred in from the Tulsa Zoo.  He had previously mated with the younger female while they had been at the Calgary Zoo.  Great hopes for another love match was in the wind, and while they enjoyed one another's company, no pregnancy resulted.

In 2022, a mother-daughter pair were transferred from the Rotterdam Zoo in the Netherlands.  In 2024, the younger female, Nhi Linh, became pregnant, and earlier this year gave birth to her first calf, Linh Mai.  At 12, Nhi Linh demonstrated a lack of mothering instincts and the decision was made to place the primary initial care of Lihn Mai in the hands of the keepers.  As she has grown more independent, one of the older females, Swarna, age 51, has stepped in and demonstrated "auntie" care giving instincts.  As I observed during this visit, Swarna clearly enjoys Linh Mai's proximity, but even as the Matriarch, she doesn't dote over her little charge the way a mother might.  I feel like Linh Mai is set to become a very independent elephant.

With the loss of some of the older girls, the present herd consists of 7 elephants.  On the day of my visit, Spike (45) and Nhi Linh (13) (were chilling in the side yard with the large swimming pool.  Maharani (36), Swarna (51) and Linh Mai (6 mo.) were in the barn, and then Swarna and Linh Mai transitioned to the side yard.   Finally, Bozie (51) and Trong Nhi (23) were in the Main Valley, the largest exterior habitat.  

NHI LINH and SPIKE
Nhi Linh and Spike in the Swimming Pool Yard.

MAHARANI, SWARNA & LINH MAI
Interior Elephant Barn.

Maharani, Linh Mai and Swarna:  Swarna is Maharani's mother, and she's taken to giving some care to little Linh Mai.




Parting pic of Maharani.  She's the largest by height and weight of the herd.

Linh Mai and Swarna in the side yard.

BOZIE & TRONG LINH 
Bozie


Bozie moves over to the pool in the Valley Yard.


Bozie and Trong Linh (background)

Trong Linh